Mubisanzwe, umutwe wa bolt ukorwa no gukonjesha imitwe ikonje, ugereranije no gutema, fibre yicyuma (insinga yicyuma) kumiterere yibicuruzwa birakomeza, bitagabanije hagati, bitezimbere imbaraga zibicuruzwa, cyane cyane the ibikoresho byiza byubukanishi.Uburyo bukonje bwo gushiraho imitwe ikubiyemo gukata no gukora, imwe - kanda, kabiri - kanda imitwe ikonje hamwe na byinshi - imyanya ihita ikonje umutwe. .Simplex bit cyangwa sitasiyo nyinshi yimashini ikonje ikonje ikoresheje ibiranga gutunganya umwimerere wambere igizwe nubunini bwibintu metero 5 kugeza kuri 6 z'uburebure cyangwa uburemere ni 1900-2000 kg yubunini bwinsinga zicyuma, gutunganya tekinoroji niyo iranga imitwe ikonje ntabwo ari urupapuro rwaciwe mbere, ahubwo UKORESHEJE imashini yimashini ikonjesha ubwayo ukoresheje akabari hamwe ninsinga zicyuma insinga zaciwe no gutesha agaciro ubusa (nibiba ngombwa) .Mbere yumwobo wo gukuramo, ubusa bugomba guhindurwa bundi bushya.Ubusa burashobora kuboneka mugushiraho. Ikibanza ntigikeneye gushiraho mbere yo kubabaza, kugabanya diameter no gukanda.Nyuma yo guca ubusa, yoherejwe kuri sitasiyo yakazi. Iyi sitasiyo irashobora kuzamura ireme ryubusa, kugabanya imbaraga zo gushiraho sitasiyo ikurikira kuri 15-17%, kandi ikongerera ubuzima bwa mould.Ubusobanuro bwagezweho no gushiraho imitwe ikonje nabwo bujyanye no guhitamo uburyo bwo gukora nuburyo bukoreshwa. Byongeye kandi, biterwa na imiterere yimiterere yibikoresho byakoreshejwe, ibiranga inzira na leta yabyo, ibikoresho bisobanutse neza, ubuzima hamwe nimpuzu zambara.Ku cyuma kinini kivanze gikoreshwa mumitwe ikonje no gusohora, hejuru yimikorere yubukonje bwuruvange rukomeye bipfa ntibigomba kuba Ra = 0.2um, mugihe gukora hejuru yubuso bwurupfu nkurwo rugera kuri Ra = 0.025-0.050um, rufite ubuzima ntarengwa.
Urudodo rwa bolt rusanzwe rutunganywa nuburyo bukonje, kuburyo umugozi wambaye ubusa muri diameter runaka uzunguruka unyuze mu isahani yumutwe (gupfa), kandi urudodo rugizwe numuvuduko wicyapa (gupfa) .Birakoreshwa cyane kuko umurongo wa pulasitike wurudodo rwa screw ntucibwa, imbaraga ziriyongera, ibisobanuro biri hejuru kandi ubuziranenge ni bumwe. Kugirango ubyare urudodo hanze ya diameter yibicuruzwa byanyuma, diameter isabwa yumurongo wambaye ubusa iratandukanye, kuberako bigarukira kumurongo utomoye neza, yaba igipfundikizo cyibintu nibindi bintu. Kuzunguruka (kuzunguruka) gukanda urudodo nuburyo bwo gukora amenyo yumudodo ukoresheje deformasique ya plastike.Ni hamwe numudozi ufite ikibanza kimwe nuburyo bumwe bwo kuzunguruka ( icyuma kizunguruka) gupfa, uruhande rumwe kugirango rusohokane igikonoshwa cya silindrike, kurundi ruhande kugirango igishishwa kizunguruke, kuzunguruka kwa nyuma bipfa kumiterere ya conic yimuriwe mugikonoshwa, kugirango urudodo rukore. Kuzunguruka (rub) igitutu cyumuvuduko utunganya ingingo rusange ni uko umubare w'impinduramatwara izunguruka atari myinshi, niba ari myinshi, imikorere iracyari hasi, hejuru y amenyo yumutwe byoroshye kubyara gutandukana cyangwa ibintu bidahwitse.Ku buryo bunyuranye, niba umubare wimpinduramatwara ari muto cyane, urudodo diameter biroroshye gutakaza uruziga, umuvuduko wikizunguruka kwiyongera bidasanzwe mubyiciro byambere, bikaviramo kubaho igihe gito cyo gupfa. Inenge zisanzwe zurudodo ruzunguruka: uduce tumwe na tumwe twavunitse cyangwa udushushanyo kumutwe; inenge igaragara mumibare minini, izaboneka murwego rwo gutunganya.Niba umubare muto wiyi nenge ubaye, inzira yumusaruro ntizabona izo nenge zizagenda kubakoresha, bitera ibibazo.Niyo mpamvu, ibibazo byingenzi byuburyo bwo gutunganya bigomba incamake kugirango ugenzure ibi bintu byingenzi mugikorwa cyo kubyara.
Imbaraga zikomeye zifatika zigomba guhindurwa no gutondekwa hakurikijwe ibisabwa bya tekiniki.Intego yo gutunganya ubushyuhe nubushyuhe ni ukunoza imiterere yubukanishi bwuzuye bwibikoresho kugirango byuzuze agaciro kerekana imbaraga zingana no kugereranya imbaraga.Ikoranabuhanga ryo kuvura ubushyuhe rifite ingaruka zikomeye kuri ubwiza bwimbere bwimbaraga-zikomeye, cyane cyane ubwiza bwimbere. Kubwibyo, kugirango tubyare umusaruro-wohejuru-wohejuru-w-imbaraga, birakenewe kugira ibikoresho byikoranabuhanga bigezweho byo gutunganya ubushyuhe. Bitewe nubushobozi bunini bwo kubyaza umusaruro nigiciro gito cyibikoresho bikomeye, kimwe nuburyo bwiza kandi busobanutse bwa umugozi wa screw, ibikoresho byo gutunganya ubushyuhe birasabwa kugira ubushobozi bunini bwo kubyaza umusaruro, urwego rwo hejuru rwogukora no kurwego rwiza rwo kuvura ubushyuhe. Kuva mu myaka ya za 90, umurongo uhoraho wo gutunganya ubushyuhe hamwe nikirere gikingira wabaye kumwanya wiganje. Ubwoko bwa Shok-epfo na net-umukandara bikwiranye cyane cyane no kuvura ubushyuhe no gutondekanya ibyuma bito n'ibiciriritse bifata neza. Umurongo wo kugerageza usibye itanura rifunze ni byiza, ariko kandi ufite ikirere cyateye imbere, ubushyuhe, hamwe nibikorwa byerekana kugenzura mudasobwa, ibikoresho byo kunanirwa ibikoresho no kwerekana imikorere.Ibikoresho bifata imbaraga zikoreshwa mu buryo bwikora kuva kugaburira - gukora isuku - gushyushya - kuzimya - gusukura - ubushyuhe - kurangi kugeza kumurongo wa interineti, kwemeza neza ireme ryokuvura ubushyuhe. bizatera kwihuta gutembera mbere mugihe binaniwe kubahiriza ubukana bwibisabwa byubukanishi, bizatuma imashini yihuta itakaza imikorere kandi igabanya igihe cya serivisi.Kubera ibikoresho bya decarbonisiyasi, niba annealing idakwiye, bizakora ibikoresho fatizo bya decarbonisation byimbitse.Mu gihe cyo kuzimya no gushyushya ubushyuhe, imyuka ya okiside ikunze kuzanwa hanze y’itanura. Ingese y’insinga z'icyuma cyangwa ibisigara ku nsinga nyuma yo gushushanya ubukonje bizabora nyuma yo gushyushya mu itanura. , kubyara gaze ya okiside. Urugero rwicyuma cyurugero rwicyuma, urugero, cyakozwe muri karubone yicyuma na hydroxide, nyuma yubushyuhe buzacika mo CO ₂ na H ₂ O, bityo bikongerera decarburisation.Ibisubizo byerekana ko impamyabumenyi ya decarburisation icyuma giciriritse giciriritse kirakomeye kuruta icyuma cya karubone, kandi ubushyuhe bwihuse bwa decarburisation buri hagati ya dogere selisiyusi 700.Kuberako kwizirika hejuru yinsinga zicyuma birangirika kandi bigahuzwa na dioxyde de carbone namazi kumuvuduko wihuse munsi runaka imiterere, niba kugenzura gazi ya mesh umukanda wa gazi idakwiye, bizanatera ikosa rya decarbonisation ya screw.Iyo bolt ifite imbaraga nyinshi ikonje ikonje, ibikoresho bibisi hamwe na decarburizing layer ntabwo ikiriho gusa, ahubwo ikoherezwa kuri hejuru yurudodo, bivamo kugabanuka kumikoreshereze yubukanishi (cyane cyane imbaraga no kurwanya abrasion) kubuso bwibikoresho bigomba gukomera. Byongeye kandi, decarburisation yubuso bwinsinga zicyuma, ubuso nimiryango yimbere biratandukanye kandi bifite coefficient zitandukanye zo kwaguka, kuzimya bishobora kubyara ibice byo hejuru.Nuko rero, kugirango urinde urudodo hejuru ya decarburisation mu kuzimya ubushyuhe, ariko kandi kubikoresho fatizo byashizwe mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro karuboni ya decarburisation yiziritse, hindura inyungu yumuriro wumukandara wa mesh mukurinda mukarere kangana kangana kubintu byumwimerere bya karubone hamwe nibice bya karuboni, bimaze gufunga decarburisation buhoro buhoro gusubira mubintu byambere bya karubone, ubushobozi bwa karubone bushyirwa kuri 0.42% 0.48% byemewe, nanotubes no kuzimya ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, kimwe ntigishobora kuba munsi yubushyuhe bwinshi, kugirango wirinde gukomera ibinyampeke, bigira ingaruka kumiterere yubukanishi.Ibibazo nyamukuru byubuziranenge bwiziritse mugikorwa cyo kuzimya no kuzimya ni: kuzimya ubukana ntibihagije; gukomera kutaringaniye; kuzimya deformisiyo yo hejuru; no kuzimya gukonja. Gutegura neza uburyo bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe hamwe nuburyo bwo gutunganya umusaruro birashobora kwirinda impanuka nkizo.
Igihe cyoherejwe: Gicurasi-31-2019