Mubisanzwe, umutwe wa bolt ukorwa no gukonjesha imitwe ikonje, ugereranije no gutema, fibre yicyuma (insinga yicyuma) kumiterere yibicuruzwa birakomeza, bitagabanije hagati, bitezimbere imbaraga zibicuruzwa, cyane cyane the ibikoresho byiza byubukanishi.Uburyo bukonje bwo gutondeka burimo gukata no gukora, kimwe - kanda, kabiri - kanda imitwe ikonje hamwe na byinshi - imyanya ikonje ikonje. Imashini ikonje ikonje ikoreshwa mugushiraho kashe, kubabaza, gusohora no kugabanya diameter mubice byinshi bipfa gupfa .Simplex bit cyangwa stasiyoyeri yimashini ikonjesha ikoresheje ibiranga gutunganya umwimerere wubusa igizwe nubunini bwibintu metero 5 kugeza kuri 6 z'uburebure cyangwa uburemere ni 1900-2000 kg yubunini bwinsinga zicyuma, gutunganya tekinoroji niyo iranga imitwe ikonje ntabwo ari urupapuro rwaciwe mbere, ahubwo UKORESHEJE imashini ikonje ikonje ubwayo ukoresheje umurongo wicyumagukata no kubabaza ubusa (nibiba ngombwa) .Mbere yurwobo rwo gusohora, icyuho kigomba gusubirwamo. Ubusa burashobora kuboneka mugushiraho. Ikibanza ntigikeneye gushiraho mbere yo kubabaza, kugabanya diameter no gukanda.Nyuma yo gukata, yoherejwe kubangamira sitasiyo yakazi.Iyi sitasiyo irashobora kuzamura ubwiza bwubusa, kugabanya imbaraga zo gushiraho sitasiyo ikurikiraho 15-17%, kandi ikongerera ubuzima bwa mould.Ibisobanuro byagezweho no gushiraho imitwe ikonje nabyo bifitanye isano guhitamo uburyo bwo gukora nuburyo bukoreshwa.Iyongeyeho, nanone biterwa nimiterere yimiterere yibikoresho byakoreshejwe, ibiranga inzira na leta yabyo, ibikoresho neza, ubuzima hamwe nimpamyabumenyi. Kubwibyuma binini cyane bikoreshwa mumutwe ukonje no gusohora, ubuso bukora ubukana bwuruvange rukomeye bipfa ntibigomba kuba Ra = 0.2um, mugihe ubuso bwakazi bukora buke bupfa kugera kuri Ra = 0.025-0.050um, bifite ubuzima ntarengwa.
Ubudodo bwa bolt mubusanzwe butunganywa nuburyo bukonje, kuburyo umugozi wambaye ubusa muri diametre runaka uzunguruka mu isahani yumutwe (gupfa), kandi urudodo rukorwa nigitutu cya plaque (gupfa) .Birakoreshwa cyane kuko umurongo wa plastike wurudodo rwa screw ntucibwa, imbaraga ziriyongera, ibisobanuro biri hejuru kandi ubuziranenge ni bumwe.Kugirango ubyare urudodo hanze ya diameter yibicuruzwa byanyuma, diameter isabwa yumurongo wambaye ubusa iratandukanye, kuberako bigarukira kumurongo utomoye, waba utwikiriye ibintu nibindi bintu. Kuzunguruka (kuzunguruka) gukanda urudodo nuburyo bwo gukora amenyo yumudodo ukoresheje deformasique ya plastike.Ni hamwe numutwe ufite ikibanza kimwe nuburyo bumwe bwo kuzunguruka ( icyuma kizunguruka) gupfa, uruhande rumwe kugirango rusohokane igikonjo cya silindrike, kurundi ruhande kugirango igishishwa kizunguruke, uruzingo rwanyuma rupfa kumiterere ya conique yimuriwe mugikonoshwa, kugirango urudodo rukore.Uruziga (rub)gushingira ku ngingo rusange ni uko umubare wimpinduramatwara uzunguruka atari mwinshi, niba ari mwinshi, imikorere iracyari hasi, hejuru y amenyo yumutwe byoroshye kubyara gutandukana cyangwa guhuzagurika ibintu. Ku rundi ruhande, niba umubare wimpinduramatwara ari ntoya, umurambararo wa diametre biroroshye gutakaza uruziga, umuvuduko ukabije kwiyongera bidasanzwe mubyiciro byambere, bikaviramo kubaho igihe gito cyo gupfa. Inenge zisanzwe zurudodo: uduce tumwe na tumwe twavunitse cyangwa udushushanyo kumutwe; .Niba izo nenge zibaye mumibare minini, bazisanga murwego rwo gutunganya.Niba umubare muto wiyi nenge ubaye, inzira yumusaruro ntizabona izo nenge zizatemba kubakoresha, bitera ibibazo. Kubwibyo, ibibazo byingenzi bya uburyo bwo gutunganya bugomba kuvugwa muri make kugirango ugenzure ibi bintu byingenzi mubikorwa byo gukora.
Imbaraga zikomeye zifatika zigomba guhindurwa no guhindagurika ukurikije ibisabwa bya tekiniki.Intego yo gutunganya ubushyuhe nubushyuhe ni ugutezimbere imiterere yimashini yimashini ifata kugirango igere ku gaciro kerekana imbaraga zingana no kugereranya imbaraga.Ikoranabuhanga ryo kuvura ubushyuhe rifite ingaruka zikomeye kuri ubwiza bwimbere bwimbaraga zikomeye, cyane cyane ubwiza bwimbere.Kubwibyo, kugirango ubyare umusaruro-wohejuru-wohejuru-mwinshi, birakenewe kugira ibikoresho byubuhanga buhanitse bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe. Bitewe nubushobozi bunini bwo kubyaza umusaruro nigiciro gito cyumuriro mwinshi, kimwe nuburyo bwiza kandi busobanutse bwa umugozi wa screw, ibikoresho byo gutunganya ubushyuhe birasabwa kugira ubushobozi bunini bwo gukora, urwego rwohejuru rwogukora hamwe nubuziranenge bwiza bwo kuvura ubushyuhe. Kuva mu myaka ya za 90, umurongo uhoraho wo gutunganya ubushyuhe hamwe nikirere kirinda ibintu byari byiganje.Ubwoko bwa Shok-epfo na net-umukandara bikwiranye cyane cyane no kuvura ubushyuhe hamwe nubushyuhe bwibikoresho bito n'ibiciriritse bifata neza. igenzura rya mudasobwa, ibikoresho byo kunanirwa ibikoresho no kwerekana imikorere.Ibikoresho bifata imbaraga bikoresha mu buryo bwikora kuva kugaburira - gusukura - gushyushya - kuzimya - gusukura - gutondeka - kurangi kumurongo wa interineti, kwemeza neza ireme ryokuvura ubushyuhe. bizatera kwihuta gutembera mbere mugihe binaniwe guhura nubushobozi bwibikorwa bya mashini, bizatuma imashini yihuta itakaza imikorere kandi igabanya ubuzima bwa serivisi.Kubera ibikoresho bya decarbonisation, niba annealing idakwiye, bizakora ibikoresho fatizo bya decarbonisation byimbitse.Mu gihe cyo kuzimya no kugabanya ubushyuhe, imyuka ya okiside ni usually yazanwe hanze yitanura.Ingese yumurongo wibyuma cyangwa ibisigara kumurongo winsinga nyuma yo gushushanya bikonje bizabora nyuma yo gushyushya mumatanura, bibyara gaze ya okiside. icyuma cya karubone na hydroxide, nyuma yubushyuhe buzagabanywa muri CO ₂ na H ₂ O, bityo bikongerera decarburisiyasi.Ibisubizo byerekana ko urugero rwa decarburisation yicyuma giciriritse giciriritse gikomeye cyane kuruta icyuma cya karubone, kandi decarburisation yihuta ubushyuhe buri hagati ya dogere selisiyusi 700. Kuberako umugereka uri hejuru yinsinga zicyuma urabora hanyuma ugahuza dioxyde de carbone namazi kumuvuduko wihuse mubihe bimwe na bimwe, niba kugenzura gazi ya feri ikomeza bidakwiye, nabyo bizatera screw ikosa rya decarbonisation.Iyo imbaraga-ikomeye ya bolt ikonje umutwe, ibikoresho bibisi hamwe na decarburizing layer ntibikiriho gusa, ahubwo bisohorwa hejuru yumutwe,bivamo kugabanya imiterere yubukanishi (cyane cyane imbaraga no kurwanya abrasion) kubuso bwibikoresho bigomba gukomera. Byongeye kandi, decarburisation yubuso bwinsinga zicyuma, ubuso hamwe nimiryango yimbere biratandukanye kandi bifite coefficente yo kwaguka, kuzimya bishobora kubyara ibice. .Nuko rero, kugirango urinde urudodo hejuru ya decarburisation mu kuzimya ubushyuhe, ariko kandi kubikoresho fatizo byashizwe mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro karuboni ya decarburisation ya feri, uhindure ibyiza byumukandara wa mesh umukandara urinda ibintu byibanze bihwanye nibyumwimerere bya karubone. n'ibice bitwikiriye karubone, bimaze kwangirika buhoro buhoro kubintu byumwimerere bya karubone, ubushobozi bwa karubone bushyirwa kuri 0.42% 0.48% byemewe, nanotubes hamwe no kuzimya ubushyuhe bwo gushyuha, kimwe ntigishobora kuba munsi yubushyuhe bwinshi, kugirango wirinde ibinyampeke bito, bigira ingaruka kumashini imitungo.Ibibazo byingenzi byubuziranenge byiziritse mugikorwa cyo kuzimya no kuzimya are: kuzimya ubukana ntibihagije; gukomera kutaringaniye; Kuzimya deformisiyo yo hejuru; kuzimya ibice. Ibibazo byinshi mumurima akenshi bifitanye isano nibikoresho fatizo, kuzimya ubushyuhe no gukonjesha gukonjesha.Gutegura neza uburyo bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe hamwe no gutunganya imikorere yumusaruro birashobora kwirinda impanuka nkizo.
Igihe cyoherejwe: Gicurasi-31-2019